Cardiac Arrest in Anesthesia

by, Prof. Dr. Pirro PRIFTI

Abstract

Aim of this study is fast Recognition, Management of situation of Cardiac Arrest during Anesthesia and treatment of complications. Objectives are: Analysis of Causes that trigger Cardiac Arrest, analysis of risk factors and prevention of Cardiac Arrest in Anesthesia. Is known that Cardiac Arrest occur at 0.5/ 10.000 cases of Anesthetized Patients. Between other Causes, Human Mistake is one of cause of Cardiac Arrests. Cardiac Arrest can be defned as an physio-pathologic situation of acute Cardiac failure ,when the Heart stop and can not supply with blood -vital organs, mainly the Brain. Causes of Cardiac arrest are multiple and more important are: Cardiac arrest with Refector origins, direct cardiac trauma, overdose of anesthetic drugs, Ventricular Fibrillation, acute coronary failure, acute diminished venous refux, cardiac arrest from metabolic disorders, massive blood transfusions, anaphylactic reactions and cardiac arrest from special surgical procedures as prosthesis with implanting cement. Symptoms during Anesthetized patients are poor, but Anesthesiologist must be very careful. Symptoms are, hypotension, cyanosis, disrythmia, hypoxia, hipercarbia, surgeon see `black blood`, and asystolia. Mydriasis occur r 45 sek afer Cardiac Arrest and is in fact a late symptom of Cardiac Arrest during Anesthesia. Cardiac Arrest con cause within 2-4 min irreversible changes, that can cause death or permanent grave neurologic and psychiatric inabilities. Treatment must be emergent within 20-40 sec afer Anesthetist has diagnosed Cardiac Arrest and must include Interruption of surgical Operation, change of position of patient in surgical bed, interruption of Narcotic agents, giving of Oxygen 100%,careful cardiac monitoring, and starting of CPR. Te predetermined objectives are: Analyzing the causes of cardiac arrest under anesthesia, Analyzing the risk factors of cardiac arrest in anesthesia, Prevention of cardiac arrest under anesthesia, Treatment of Cardiac Arrest During Anesthesia, 37 MEDICUS / NO. 3, 2020 Discuss the role of the Protocols in cardiac arrest management. Terapeutic Principles are: Phase of CPR, Phase of Patient Ventilation and careful Monitoring, Fase of Diagnosticcation and Intensive Care Terapy.