Approach of Physical Activity in Type 1 Diabetic Patients

By, Iva RRUGIA, Msc.Sara ZAVALANI, MD

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by an absolute deficiency of insulin because of the destruction of β cells islet of the pancreas. Aerobic exercise and diet are the two main points of diabetes treatment. Methods: The data for this study comes from un online survey of 50 people with health diseases, conducted between June 8 and July 12, 2021. More precisely, the data of our study are un mail-only data, with people selected randomly from a database maintained by B-Sport Plus Project. The database contains questions about physical activities in diabetic patients. Results: Among the 50 interviewers with type 1 diabetes, the largest age group covers those younger than 18 years old. 31% of the patients answered that health conditions limit their daily activity. 47% of them spent 1-2 hours on sports and recreational activities per day. 47% of the patients reported they do multiple sports activities, the others do leisurely walking (walking their dog), bicycling, skating, swimming and curling, gardening and light housework, dancing or other moderate exercise classes, weight training and running, brisk walk. 62% of them reported that they are willing to exercise 1-2 hours per day. 33% of the patients reported they do not participate in sport and recreational activities from lack of time, the others from financial constraints, family and friends influence, lack of self-confidence, illness/injury, problems with transportation. Conclusion Aerobic exercise can improve the sensitivity of Insulin, blood glucose and lipid metabolism, thereby reducing insulin dosage and improving glycemic control. WHO recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week. T1DM patients, physiotherapists or fitness trainer, kinesiologist and endocrinologist need to fully understand how the physical activity effect on metabolism and implement individualized aerobic exercise programs.

How to cite: Rrugia, I., & Zavalani, S. (2022). Approach of physical activity in type 1 diabetic patients. Medicus, 6(2), 41–50.

https://doi.org/10.58944/jzyw2858