Sexual Behaviors in Children with Autism Aged 5–15 Years: Educational Challenges and Practical Implications – A Literature Review

By Adelina SULEJMANI

Abstract
This systematic review explores sexual behaviors among children aged 5–15 years diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), focusing on educational challenges and practical implications within the Albanian context. Sexual development is a natural part of growth, yet children with ASD often display atypical or misunderstood behaviors due to difficulties in social communication, sensory processing, and
understanding social norms. Without tailored sexual education and professional guidance, these expressions may be misinterpreted as deviant or inappropriate, leading to stigmatization and exclusion. The review identifies five major themes from 24 peer-reviewed studies: (1) common and atypical sexual behaviors, (2) lack of tailored sexual education, (3) challenges faced by parents and teachers, (4) social and legal risks associated with inappropriate behaviors, and (5) the need for comprehensive, culturally sensitive interventions. This review emphasizes the urgent need for adapted educational curricula, teacher training, and family support systems in Albania. It proposes practical frameworks inspired by international models that can guide inclusive, evidence-based practice.