Legal framework for climate change and climate change litigation in Nigeria

By, LL.M. Tobiloba AWOTOYE, LL.M. Tawakaltu QUEEN OYINLOYE

Abstract

Nigeria is very susceptible to the adverse effects of climate change because it relies heavily on climate-sensitive industries like agriculture and water resources. This presents substantial environmental and economic difficulties on a global scale. This study seeks to provide a thorough analysis of Nigeria’s legal system on climate change and examine how climate change lawsuits can contribute to improving climate governance. The study used a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative and quantitative data obtained from literature reviews, case studies, and analyses of policy documents. The results indicate that although Nigeria has made progress in implementing climate legislation, there are still substantial deficiencies in the enforcement and adherence to these laws. The report points out the detrimental effects of climate change on Nigeria’s environment and economy, emphasizing the necessity for strong legal and institutional structures. Nigeria’s climate governance can improve by implementing tactics employed in more developed countries, as evidenced by comparative study with worldwide best practices. The key issues that have been recognized include the presence of legal, procedural, and institutional obstacles that hinder the effectiveness of climate litigation. The study provides suggestions for fortifying Nigeria’s legal structure, improving institutional capabilities, and promoting public involvement in climate action. Nigeria can enhance its ability to withstand the impacts of climate change and promote fairness in addressing climate issues by incorporating climate considerations into wider development strategies and utilizing global assistance. This study stresses the need for implementing extensive changes and fostering international collaboration to tackle the complex concerns of climate change in Nigeria.